Bài ôn tập Tiếng Anh khối 11

I. Mệnh đề tính từ hoặc mệnh đề quan tiền hệ được để sau danh từ nó phụ nghĩa, được nối bằng các đại từ quan tiền hệ: WHO, WHOM, WHICH, THAT, WHOSE, và trạng từ quan tiền hệ: WHERE, WHY, WHEN.

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1. WHO: thay cho thế mang lại người, làm chủ từ nhập MĐQH.

 Ex: - I need to tát meet the boy. The boy is my friends son.

 I need to tát meet the boy who is my friends son.

 - The woman is standing over there. She is my sister.

 The woman who is standing over there is my sister.

2. WHOM: thay cho thế mang lại người, làm túc từ nhập MĐQH.

 Ex:- I know the girl. I spoke to tát this girl.

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 I know the girl whom I spoke to tát.

 - The man is my teacher. Your father is talking to tát him.

 The man whom your father is talking to tát is my teacher.

3. WHICH: thay cho thế mang lại vật, đồ vật; làm chủ từ, túc từ nhập MĐQH.

 Ex: - She works for a company. It makes cars

 She works for a company which makes cars.

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 - The elephants are big. People keep the elephants in iron cages.

 The elephants which people keep in iron cages are big.

RELATIVE CLAUSES 
I. Mệnh đề tính kể từ hoặc mệnh đề mối liên hệ được bịa sau danh kể từ nó phụ nghĩa, được nối vì chưng những đại kể từ quan tiền hệ: WHO, WHOM, WHICH, THAT, WHOSE, và trạng kể từ quan tiền hệ: WHERE, WHY, WHEN.
1. WHO: thay cho thế cho tất cả những người, thực hiện ngôi nhà kể từ nhập MĐQH.
 Ex: - I need to tát meet the boy. The boy is my friend’s son.
 à I need to tát meet the boy who is my friend’s son.
 - The woman is standing over there. She is my sister.
 àThe woman who is standing over there is my sister.
2. WHOM: thay cho thế cho tất cả những người, thực hiện túc kể từ nhập MĐQH.
 Ex:- I know the girl. I spoke to tát this girl.
 à I know the girl whom I spoke to tát.
 - The man is my teacher. Your father is talking to tát him.
 à The man whom your father is talking to tát is my teacher.
3. WHICH: thay cho thế mang lại vật, vật vật; thực hiện ngôi nhà kể từ, túc kể từ nhập MĐQH.
 Ex: - She works for a company. It makes cars
 à She works for a company which makes cars.
 - The elephants are big. People keep the elephants in iron cages.
 à The elephants which people keep in iron cages are big.
4. THAT: thay cho thế cho tất cả những người, vật; thực hiện ngôi nhà kể từ, túc kể từ nhập MĐQH.
 Ex: - I need to tát meet the boy that is my friend’s son.
 - The woman that is standing over there is my sister.
 - I know the girl that I spoke to tát.
 - The man that your father is talking to tát is my teacher.
 - She works for a company that makes cars.
 - The elephants that people keep in iron cages are big.
5. WHOSE (OF WHICH): thay cho thế mang lại chiếm hữu của những người, vật (his-, her-, its-, their-).
 Ex: - John found the cát. Its leg was broken.
 à John found the cát whose leg/(the leg of which) was broken.
 - This is the student. I borrowed his book.
 àThis is the student whose book I borrowed.
6. WHERE: thay cho thế mang lại cụm kể từ chỉ điểm chốn: there, at that place. 
 Ex: - The movie theater is the place. We can see films at that place.
 à The movie theater is the place where we can see films.
7. WHY: thay cho thế mang lại cụm trạng kể từ chỉ lí do: for that reason.
 Ex: - Tell bu the reason. You are ví sad for that reason.	
 à Tell bu the reason why you are ví sad.
8. WHEN: thay cho thế mang lại cụm kể từ chỉ thời gian: then, at that time, on that day.
 Ex: - Do you remember the day. We first met on that day.
 à Do you remember the day when we first met?
DANH TỪ
CHỦ TỪ
TÚC TỪ
SỞ HỮU
Người 
WHO/THAT
WHO(M)/THAT
WHOSE
Vật/Đ.vật
WHICH/THAT
WHICH/THAT
WHOSE/OF WHICH
Nơi chốn
WHERE
Lý do
WHY
Thời gian
WHEN
II. Giới kể từ bịa trước mệnh đề tính từ: (WHOM/WHICH)
 Ex: - The man speaks English very fast. I talked to tát him last night.
 à The man to tát whom I talked last night speaks English very fast.
 - The house is for sale. I was born in it.
 à The house in which I was born is for sale.
 * LƯU Ý: KHÔNG người sử dụng THAT sau giới kể từ.
The house in that I was born is for sale.
III. OF WHICH / OF WHOM:
 Ex: - Daisy has three brothers. All of them are teachers.
 à Daisy has three brothers, all of whom are teachers.
 - He asked bu a lot of questions. I couldn’t answer most of them.
 à He asked bu a lot of questions, most of which I couldn’t answer.
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EXERCISES (RELATIVE CLAUSES)
I/ Circle the letter of the correct answer to tát complete the sentence
1. That’s my friend_______________ comes from nhật bản.
 A. which 	B. who 	C. whom 	D. where.
2. The plants which______________ in the living room need a lot of water.
 A. are 	B. be 	C. is 	D. was
3. She’s the woman_______________ sister looks after the baby for us.
 A. who	B. which 	C. that’s 	D. whose
4. That’s the doctor for________________ Cliff works.
 A. that 	B. which 	C. whom 	D. whose
5. Marie,______________ I met at the buổi tiệc ngọt, called bu last night.
 A. that 	B. whom 	C. which 	D. whose
6. I remember Alice,______________ rode the bus to tát school with.
 A. I 	B. whom I 	C. which I 	D. who
7. I used to tát enjoy the summer, ______________ we had a big family picnic.
 A. where 	B. when 	C. which 	D. that
8. Tell bu about the đô thị ______________ you grew up.
 A. that 	B. where 	C. which 	D. ø 
9. Anna found the book that ________________ wanted at the bookshop.
 A. ø 	B. where 	C. she 	D. which
10. Please remember to tát take back to tát the library all the books _____________ are due this week.
 A. ø 	B. that 	C. when 	D. they
II/ Complete the sentences, using a relative pronoun.
1. The girl chatted with him yesterday. She arrived here at 6:30.
à...
2. The man is talking to tát my father.He spent 15 minutes measuring our kitchen
à...
3. The architect designed these flats. He has moved to tát Hồ Chí Minh City.
à...
4. The young man lives in the corner. He rides an expensive motorbike.
à...
5. I’m reading the book. I bought it in 1996.
à...
6. I will introduce the man to tát you. He is sharing the flat with bu.
à...
7. The young man is talking to tát our teacher. He is Ba’s brother.
à...
8. We visited the monument. It was built a hundred years ago.
à...
9. The boys are interested in football. It is a popular game all over the world.
à...
10. The boy gave his parents big hugs before he left. He went abroad to tát study.
à...
11. My friends had ví much fun at the festival. They wanted to tát go there again.
à...
12. Children lượt thích to tát eat ice-cream. It can cause toothache. 
à...
RESTRICTIVE & NON-RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES
I. Restrictive Relative Clauses
 Dùng nhằm xẻ nghĩa mang lại danh kể từ đứng trước không được xác lập rõ ràng. Nếu loại bỏ mệnh đề chủ yếu sẽ không còn rõ ràng nghĩa.
 Ex: - I saw the girl. She helped us last week.
 à I saw the girl who/that helped us last week.
II. Non-restritive Relative Clauses
 Dùng nhằm xẻ nghĩa mang lại danh kể từ đứng trước và đã được xác lập rõ ràng, là phần phân tích và lý giải tăng. Nếu loại bỏ mệnh đề chủ yếu vẫn rõ ràng nghĩa. Mệnh đề này thông thường được tách ngoài mệnh đề chủ yếu vì chưng vệt phẩy “,”.
 Ta người sử dụng mệnh đề mối liên hệ ko hạn lăm le khi:
- Trước danh kể từ mối liên hệ có: this/that/these/those/my/her/his/
- Từ mối liên hệ là tên gọi riêng biệt hoặc danh kể từ riêng biệt.
 Ex: - My father is a doctor. He is fifty years old.
 à My father, who is fifty years old, is a doctor.
 - Mr Brown is a very nice teacher. We studied English with him.
 à Mr Brown, who we studied English with, is a very nice teacher.
 * LƯU Ý: KHÔNG người sử dụng THAT nhập MĐQH ko hạn lăm le.
	Mr Brown, that we studied English with, is a very nice teacher.
III. Relative Pronoun THAT
 * Những tình huống thông thường người sử dụng THAT:
a. Sau cụm kể từ mối liên hệ vừa vặn chỉ người và vật:
 Ex: He told bu the places and people that he had seen in London.
 b. Sau đại kể từ bất định: something, aynyone, nobody,.
 Ex: I’ll tell you something that is very interesting.
 c. Sau những tính kể từ đối chiếu nhất, ALL, EVERY, VERY, ONLY:
 Ex: - This is the most beautiful dress that I have.
 - All that is mine is yours.
 - You are the only person that can help us.
 d. Trong cấu tạo It + be +  + that  (chính là )
 Ex: It is my friend that wrote this sentence.
 (Chính là chúng ta tôi đang được ghi chép câu này.)
 * Những tình huống ko người sử dụng THAT:
 - Trong mệnh đề tính kể từ ko hạn lăm le (xem LƯU Ý mục II)
 - Sau giới kể từ (xem LƯU Ý Lesson 5 mục II) 
EXERCISES
I/ Underline the relative clauses in the sentences. Then add commas to tát separate the Non-restrictive relative clauses.
1. The man who is talking to tát the principal is our size teacher.
2. The boys who are sitting in the first row will receive the medals.
3. The students who are in the grade 10th are going to tát clean the school yard.
4. The animals which are kept in iron cages will be carried back to tát the forest
5. Mr Tan who is our gymaster is very thin and tall.
6. The book which we borrowed from the library must be returned by Monday
7. The little boy who is crying over there lost his way.
8. Mrs Van who lives next door to tát Hoa works at the television station.
9. The dog which has some đen kịt spots is Ba’s.
10. My mother bought the shoes which were made from Hong Kong.
II/ Combine the two sentences by using a relative clause. Some clauses need commas, some tự not:
1. The lady is a famous writer. You met her at the buổi tiệc ngọt last night.
à...
2. The child enjoyed the chocolates. Her mother bought them from France.
à...
3. Dr Oley is our family’s dentist. He is a popular dentist in the đô thị.
à...
4. They drank a lot of Coke. It is diet Coke.
à...
5. The river is the Sai Gon River. It flows through Ho Chi Minh City.
à...
6. The girls are performing the play. They rehearsed it yesterday.
à...
7. Their parents are anxious about their children. The children come back late
à...
8. The lecturer is my uncle. He gave an interesting talk on TV last night.
à...
9. The student kept talking about the project. It was done last week.
à...
10. Mr Phong hasn’t come yet. He is supposed to tát be at the meeting.
à...
11. Lan went back trang chủ. She forgot to tát turn off the faucet.
à...
REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES + EXERCISES
Rút gọn gàng mệnh đề tính kể từ trở nên cụm tính từ:
I. Dùng V-ing hoặc quăng quật BE
 Khi động kể từ chủ yếu nhập mệnh đề tính kể từ ở thể CHỦ ĐỘNG hoặc là BE.
 Ex: - Those people who are taking photos over there come from Sweden.
 à Those people taking photos over there come from Sweden.
 - Fans who want to tát buy tickets started queuing early.
 à Fans wanting to tát buy tickets started queuing early.
	 - The books which are on that shelf are mine.
 à The books on that shelf are mine.
II. Dùng V3/ed 
 Khi động kể từ chủ yếu nhập mệnh đề tính kể từ ở thể BỊ ĐỘNG.
 Ex: - The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting.
 à The books written by To Hoai are interesting.
 - Most students who were punished last week are lazy. 
 à Most students punished last week are lazy.
EXERCISES
I/ Use reduced relative clauses in place of the relative clauses
1. Be sure to tát follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page.
à...
2. Students who arrive late will not be permitted to tát enter the classroom.
à...
3. John, who was taken by surprise, hardly knew what to tát say.
à...
4. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
à...
5. We drove along the road that was still flooded after the heavy rain.
à...
6.The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress
à...
7.The wild ox which is kept at Nam Cat Tien National Park is of a special kind
à...
8. The helicopter which was flying toward the lake made a low droning sound.
à....
9. The winner of the marathon, who was breathing deeply and smiling at the crowd, raised her right hand and waved.
à.....
10. Any student who does not want to tát go on the trip should inform the office.
à...
II/ Combine each pair of sentences into one sentence. Change the second sentence of the pair into a reduced relative clause.
1. Our solar system is in a galaxy. The galaxy is called the Milky Way.
à...
2. I come from a đô thị. This đô thị is located in the southern part of the country.
à...
3. Anyone must take an entrance examination. Anyone applies to tát that school.
à...
4. The boy drew pictures of people at the airport. The people were waiting for their planes.
à...
5. Sunlight wakes bu up early in the morning. It comes through the window.
à...
6. Only a few of the movies are suitable for the children. The movies are shown on Channel 15.
à....
7. I was wakened by the sound of the laughter. It comes from the room next door to tát mine.
à....
8. The students have become quite proficient in their new language. They attend class five hours per day.
à.....
9. Disney World is a famous amusement park. It is located in Orlando, Florida, USA, and covers a large area of land.
à...
10. Do you know the policeman? He is coming toward us.
à...
Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence
1. The students are reading some books____________ are on disasters.
 A. who	 	B. whom	 C. which	 	D. whose
2. The children__________are playing in the yard are Mr Brown’s nephews.
 A. whom	 	B. that	 	C. which 	D. where
3. They are reading the newspapers_____________have just been published
 A. who	 	B. which	 	C. when	D. whom
4. Hoa and her dog______________ are standing over there go to tát the park.
 A. that	 	B. who	 	C. whom 	D. which
5. My father will fly to tát Ha Noi,____________is the capital đô thị of Viet Nam.
 A. who	 	B. whom 	C. which	 	D. where
6. My classmates dislike postcards__________show rough sea and cloud sky
 A. who 	B. which 	C. where 	D. when
7. Neil Armstrong,_______________ was the first man walking on the moon, is an American.
 A. who	B. which	 	C. whom	 	D. that
8. They called their friends,__________have lived in the đô thị for a long time
 A. who 	B. which 	C. whose	 	D. that
9. They ran out of the house________almost collapsed after the strong wind
 A. who	 	B. whose 	C. which 	D. where
10. She often plays the music______________ was composed by Chopin.
 A. who 	B. that 	C. which 	D. B&C are correct